Description
Human EIF2S1 (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1) ELISA Kit
The Human eIF2S1 (Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2 Subunit 1) ELISA Kit is specially designed to accurately detect levels of eIF2S1 in human serum, plasma, and cell culture supernatants. This kit offers exceptional sensitivity and specificity, guaranteeing dependable and reproducible results for a variety of research purposes.eIF2S1 is a pivotal component involved in the initiation of protein synthesis, playing a crucial role in regulating gene expression and cell growth. Dysregulation of eIF2S1 has been linked to various diseases, including cancer, metabolic disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions, underscoring its importance as a valuable biomarker for investigating these diseases and developing potential therapeutic interventions.
This ELISA kit provides researchers with a powerful tool to accurately measure and analyze eIF2S1 levels, facilitating in-depth studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis and guiding the development of novel targeted treatments.
| Product Name: | Human EIF2S1 (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1) ELISA Kit |
| Product Code: | HUFI04476 |
| Size: | 96 Assays |
| Alias: | EIF 2 ELISA Kit, eIF 2 alpha ELISA Kit, EIF 2A ELISA Kit, EIF 2alpha ELISA Kit, EIF2 ELISA Kit, EIF2A ELISA Kit, EIF2S1 ELISA Kit, EIF2A ELISA Kit |
| Detection method: | Sandwich ELISA, Double Antibody |
| Application: | This immunoassay kit allows for the in vitro quantitative determination of Human EIF2S1 (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1) concentrations in serum plasma and other biological fluids. |
| Sensitivity: | < 0.094ng/ml |
| Range: | 0.156-10ng/ml |
| Storage: | 4°C for 6 months |
| Note: | For Research Use Only |
| Recovery: | Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of Human EIF2S1 (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1) and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Human EIF2S1 (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1) in samples. Enquire for more information. |
| Linearity: | The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Human EIF2S1 (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1) and their serial dilutions. The results were demonstrated by the percentage of calculated concentration to the expected. Enquire for more information. |
| CV(%): | Intra-Assay: CV<8% Inter-Assay: CV<10% |
| Component | Quantity | Storage |
| ELISA Microplate (Dismountable) | 8×12 strips | 4°C for 6 months |
| Lyophilized Standard | 2 | 4°C/-20°C |
| Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer | 20ml | 4°C |
| Biotin-labeled Antibody(Concentrated) | 120ul | 4°C (Protect from light) |
| Antibody Dilution Buffer | 10ml | 4°C |
| HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate(SABC) | 120ul | 4°C (Protect from light) |
| SABC Dilution Buffer | 10ml | 4°C |
| TMB Substrate | 10ml | 4°C (Protect from light) |
| Stop Solution | 10ml | 4°C |
| Wash Buffer(25X) | 30ml | 4°C |
| Plate Sealer | 5 | - |
Other materials and equipment required:
- Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
- Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
- Incubator
- Deionized or distilled water
- Absorbent paper
- Buffer resevoir
| UniProt Protein Function: | eIF2-alpha: a translation initiation factor that functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA. This complex binds to a 40s ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S preinitiation complex. Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF-2 and release of an eIF-2-GDP binary complex. In order for eIF-2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF-2 must exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyzed by eIF-2B. Phosphorylated by at least 4 kinases: PERK, GCN2, HRI and PKR. Phosphorylation stabilizes the eIF-2/GDP/eIF-2B complex and prevents GDP/GTP exchange reaction, thus impairing the recycling of eIF-2 between successive rounds of initiation and leading to global inhibition of translation. Upregulated in some thyroid cancers and bronchiolo-alveolar adenocarcinomas; aberrant phosphorylation correlates with Alzheimer disease and Epstein-Barr virus infections. |
| UniProt Protein Details: | Protein type:RNA-binding; Translation initiation; Translation Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 14q23.3 Cellular Component: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B complex; polysome; membrane; stress granule; nucleus; cytosol; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 complex Molecular Function:protein binding; translation initiation factor activity; ribosome binding Biological Process: regulation of translation initiation in response to stress; unfolded protein response, activation of signaling protein activity; cellular protein metabolic process; translation; unfolded protein response; protein amino acid autophosphorylation; translational initiation; gene expression |
| NCBI Summary: | The translation initiation factor EIF2 catalyzes the first regulated step of protein synthesis initiation, promoting the binding of the initiator tRNA to 40S ribosomal subunits. Binding occurs as a ternary complex of methionyl-tRNA, EIF2, and GTP. EIF2 is composed of 3 nonidentical subunits, the 36-kD EIF2-alpha subunit (EIF2S1), the 38-kD EIF2-beta subunit (EIF2S2; MIM 603908), and the 52-kD EIF2-gamma subunit (EIF2S3; MIM 300161). The rate of formation of the ternary complex is modulated by the phosphorylation state of EIF2-alpha (Ernst et al., 1987 [PubMed 2948954]).[supplied by OMIM, Feb 2010] |
| UniProt Code: | P05198 |
| NCBI GenInfo Identifier: | 124200 |
| NCBI Gene ID: | 1965 |
| NCBI Accession: | P05198.3 |
| UniProt Related Accession: | P05198 |
| Molecular Weight: | 315 |
| NCBI Full Name: | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 |
| NCBI Synonym Full Names: | eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 1 alpha, 35kDa |
| NCBI Official Symbol: | EIF2S1 |
| NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: | EIF2; EIF-2; EIF2A; EIF-2A; EIF-2alpha |
| NCBI Protein Information: | eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1; eIF-2-alpha; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha |
| UniProt Protein Name: | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 |
| UniProt Synonym Protein Names: | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha; eIF-2-alpha; eIF-2A; eIF-2alpha |
| Protein Family: | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor |
| UniProt Gene Name: | EIF2S1 |
| UniProt Entry Name: | IF2A_HUMAN |
*Note: Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.
Before adding to wells, equilibrate the SABC working solution and TMB substrate for at least 30 min at 37 °C. When diluting samples and reagents, they must be mixed completely and evenly. It is recommended to plot a standard curve for each test.
| Step | Protocol |
| 1. | Set standard, test sample and control (zero) wells on the pre-coated plate respectively, and then, record their positions. It is recommended to measure each standard and sample in duplicate. Wash plate 2 times before adding standard, sample and control (zero) wells! |
| 2. | Aliquot 0.1ml standard solutions into the standard wells. |
| 3. | Add 0.1 ml of Sample / Standard dilution buffer into the control (zero) well. |
| 4. | Add 0.1 ml of properly diluted sample ( Human serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.) into test sample wells. |
| 5. | Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37 °C for 90 min. |
| 6. | Remove the cover and discard the plate content, clap the plate on the absorbent filter papers or other absorbent material. Do NOT let the wells completely dry at any time. Wash plate X2. |
| 7. | Add 0.1 ml of Biotin- detection antibody working solution into the above wells (standard, test sample & zero wells). Add the solution at the bottom of each well without touching the side wall. |
| 8. | Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37 °C for 60 min. |
| 9. | Remove the cover, and wash plate 3 times with Wash buffer. Let wash buffer rest in wells for 1 min between each wash. |
| 10. | Add 0.1 ml of SABC working solution into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37 °C for 30 min. |
| 11. | Remove the cover and wash plate 5 times with Wash buffer, and each time let the wash buffer stay in the wells for 1-2 min. |
| 12. | Add 90 µL of TMB substrate into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37 °C in dark within 10-20 min. (Note: This incubation time is for reference use only, the optimal time should be determined by end user.) And the shades of blue can be seen in the first 3-4 wells (with most concentrated standard solutions), the other wells show no obvious color. |
| 13. | Add 50 µL of Stop solution into each well and mix thoroughly. The color changes into yellow immediately. |
| 14. | Read the O.D. absorbance at 450 nm in a microplate reader immediately after adding the stop solution. |
When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.
| Sample Type | Protocol |
| Serum | If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Plasma | Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit. |
| Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid | Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid. |
| Cell culture supernatant | Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately. |
| Cell lysates | Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Tissue homogenates | The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C. |
| Tissue lysates | Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Breast Milk | Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles. |
