Description
Human Kininogen-1 ELISA Kit
The Human Kininogen-1 ELISA Kit offered by Assaygenie is a powerful tool for the precise measurement of kininogen-1 levels in human samples including serum, plasma, and cell culture supernatants. With its exceptional sensitivity and specificity, this kit ensures accurate and consistent results, providing researchers with valuable insights for a wide range of studies.Kininogen-1 is a key protein involved in the regulation of blood pressure and inflammation, playing a crucial role in various physiological processes. Dysregulation of kininogen-1 is associated with conditions such as hypertension, edema, and inflammatory disorders, making it an important biomarker for understanding and potentially treating these diseases.
By utilizing the Human Kininogen-1 ELISA Kit, researchers can effectively measure kininogen-1 levels, expanding their understanding of its role in health and disease. This comprehensive kit enables precise quantification of kininogen-1, empowering researchers to uncover new insights and advance their research efforts in various fields.
| Product Name: | Human Kininogen-1 ELISA Kit |
| Product Code: | HUFI00488 |
| Size: | 96 Assays |
| Alias: | KNG1, Kininogen 1, Alpha-2-thiol proteinase inhibitor, BDK, bradykinin, Fitzgerald factor, High molecular weight kininogen, kininogen, kininogen-1, KNGHMWK, Williams-Fitzgerald-Flaujeac factor |
| Detection method: | Sandwich ELISA, Double Antibody |
| Application: | This immunoassay kit allows for the in vitro quantitative determination of Human KNG1 concentrations in serum plasma and other biological fluids. |
| Sensitivity: | 0.234ng/ml |
| Range: | 0.391-25ng/ml |
| Storage: | 4°C for 6 months |
| Note: | For Research Use Only |
| Recovery: | Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of Human KNG1 and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Human KNG1 in samples. | ||||||||||||||||
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| Linearity: | The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Human KNG1 and their serial dilutions. The results were demonstrated by the percentage of calculated concentration to the expected. | ||||||||||||||||
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| CV(%): | Intra-Assay: CV<8% Inter-Assay: CV<10% |
| Component | Quantity | Storage |
| ELISA Microplate (Dismountable) | 8×12 strips | 4°C for 6 months |
| Lyophilized Standard | 2 | 4°C/-20°C |
| Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer | 20ml | 4°C |
| Biotin-labeled Antibody(Concentrated) | 120ul | 4°C (Protect from light) |
| Antibody Dilution Buffer | 10ml | 4°C |
| HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate(SABC) | 120ul | 4°C (Protect from light) |
| SABC Dilution Buffer | 10ml | 4°C |
| TMB Substrate | 10ml | 4°C (Protect from light) |
| Stop Solution | 10ml | 4°C |
| Wash Buffer(25X) | 30ml | 4°C |
| Plate Sealer | 5 | - |
Other materials and equipment required:
- Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
- Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
- Incubator
- Deionized or distilled water
- Absorbent paper
- Buffer resevoir
| Uniprot | P01042 |
| UniProt Protein Function: | KNG1: (1) Kininogens are inhibitors of thiol proteases; (2) HMW-kininogen plays an important role in blood coagulation by helping to position optimally prekallikrein and factor XI next to factor XII; (3) HMW-kininogen inhibits the thrombin- and plasmin- induced aggregation of thrombocytes; (4) the active peptide bradykinin that is released from HMW-kininogen shows a variety of physiological effects: (4A) influence in smooth muscle contraction, (4B) induction of hypotension, (4C) natriuresis and diuresis, (4D) decrease in blood glucose level, (4E) it is a mediator of inflammation and causes (4E1) increase in vascular permeability, (4E2) stimulation of nociceptors (4E3) release of other mediators of inflammation (e.g. prostaglandins), (4F) it has a cardioprotective effect (directly via bradykinin action, indirectly via endothelium-derived relaxing factor action); (5) LMW-kininogen inhibits the aggregation of thrombocytes; (6) LMW- kininogen is in contrast to HMW-kininogen not involved in blood clotting. Defects in KNG1 are the cause of high molecular weight kininogen deficiency (HMWK deficiency). HMWK deficiency is an autosomal recessive coagulation defect. Patients with HWMK deficiency do not have a hemorrhagic tendency, but they exhibit abnormal surface-mediated activation of fibrinolysis. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing. |
| UniProt Protein Details: | Protein type:Contractile; Secreted, signal peptide; Secreted; Cell adhesion; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Inhibitor Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 3q27 Cellular Component: extracellular space; extracellular region; plasma membrane Molecular Function:heparin binding; protein binding; zinc ion binding; cysteine protease inhibitor activity; receptor binding Biological Process: negative regulation of proteolysis; platelet activation; elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; smooth muscle contraction; platelet degranulation; positive regulation of apoptosis; negative regulation of blood coagulation; negative regulation of cell adhesion; blood coagulation; inflammatory response; vasodilation; blood coagulation, intrinsic pathway Disease: High Molecular Weight Kininogen Deficiency |
| NCBI Summary: | This gene uses alternative splicing to generate two different proteins- high molecular weight kininogen (HMWK) and low molecular weight kininogen (LMWK). HMWK is essential for blood coagulation and assembly of the kallikrein-kinin system. Also, bradykinin, a peptide causing numerous physiological effects, is released from HMWK. Bradykinin also functions as an antimicrobial peptide with antibacterial and antifungal activity. In contrast to HMWK, LMWK is not involved in blood coagulation. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014] |
| UniProt Code: | P01042 |
| NCBI GenInfo Identifier: | 124056474 |
| NCBI Gene ID: | 3827 |
| NCBI Accession: | P01042.2 |
| UniProt Secondary Accession: | P01042,P01043, Q53EQ0, Q6PAU9, Q7M4P1, A8K474, B2RCR2 C9JEX1, |
| UniProt Related Accession: | P01042 |
| Molecular Weight: | 644 |
| NCBI Full Name: | Kininogen-1 |
| NCBI Synonym Full Names: | kininogen 1 |
| NCBI Official Symbol: | KNG1 Â |
| NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: | BK; BDK; KNG Â |
| NCBI Protein Information: | kininogen-1; HMWK; bradykinin; fitzgerald factor; high molecular weight kininogen; alpha-2-thiol proteinase inhibitor; williams-Fitzgerald-Flaujeac factor |
| UniProt Protein Name: | Kininogen-1 |
| UniProt Synonym Protein Names: | Alpha-2-thiol proteinase inhibitor; Fitzgerald factor; High molecular weight kininogen; HMWK; Williams-Fitzgerald-Flaujeac factorCleaved into the following 6 chains:Kininogen-1 heavy chain; T-kininAlternative name(s):Ile-Ser-Bradykinin |
| Protein Family: | Kininogen |
| UniProt Gene Name: | KNG1 Â |
| UniProt Entry Name: | KNG1_HUMAN |
*Note: Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.
Before adding to wells, equilibrate the SABC working solution and TMB substrate for at least 30 min at 37°C. When diluting samples and reagents, they must be mixed completely and evenly. It is recommended to plot a standard curve for each test.
| Step | Protocol |
| 1. | Set standard, test sample and control (zero) wells on the pre-coated plate respectively, and then, record their positions. It is recommended to measure each standard and sample in duplicate. Wash plate 2 times before adding standard, sample and control (zero) wells! |
| 2. | Aliquot 0.1ml standard solutions into the standard wells. |
| 3. | Add 0.1 ml of Sample / Standard dilution buffer into the control (zero) well. |
| 4. | Add 0.1 ml of properly diluted sample ( Human serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.) into test sample wells. |
| 5. | Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37 °C for 90 min. |
| 6. | Remove the cover and discard the plate content, clap the plate on the absorbent filter papers or other absorbent material. Do NOT let the wells completely dry at any time. Wash plate X2. |
| 7. | Add 0.1 ml of Biotin- detection antibody working solution into the above wells (standard, test sample & zero wells). Add the solution at the bottom of each well without touching the side wall. |
| 8. | Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37°C for 60 min. |
| 9. | Remove the cover, and wash plate 3 times with Wash buffer. Let wash buffer rest in wells for 1 min between each wash. |
| 10. | Add 0.1 ml of SABC working solution into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C for 30 min. |
| 11. | Remove the cover and wash plate 5 times with Wash buffer, and each time let the wash buffer stay in the wells for 1-2 min. |
| 12. | Add 90 µl of TMB substrate into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C in dark within 10-20 min. (Note: This incubation time is for reference use only, the optimal time should be determined by end user.) And the shades of blue can be seen in the first 3-4 wells (with most concentrated standard solutions), the other wells show no obvious color. |
| 13. | Add 50 µl of Stop solution into each well and mix thoroughly. The color changes into yellow immediately. |
| 14. | Read the O.D. absorbance at 450 nm in a microplate reader immediately after adding the stop solution. |
When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.
| Sample Type | Protocol |
| Serum | If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Plasma | Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit. |
| Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid | Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid. |
| Cell culture supernatant | Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately. |
| Cell lysates | Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Tissue homogenates | The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C. |
| Tissue lysates | Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Breast Milk | Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles. |
