Description
Human Thioredoxin Reductase 1/TXNRD1 ELISA Kit
The Human Thioredoxin Reductase-1 (TXNRD1) ELISA Kit is specifically designed for the accurate measurement of TXNRD1 levels in human serum, plasma, and cell culture supernatants. This kit offers high sensitivity and specificity, ensuring precise and reliable results for a variety of research applications.TXNRD1 is a key enzyme involved in redox signaling and antioxidant defense mechanisms within cells. Dysregulation of TXNRD1 has been associated with various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and cardiovascular diseases.
Therefore, the accurate measurement of TXNRD1 levels is essential for studying these conditions and identifying potential therapeutic targets.Overall, the Human TXNRD1 ELISA Kit provides researchers with a powerful tool for investigating the role of TXNRD1 in disease pathogenesis and developing novel treatment strategies. Trust in the accuracy and reliability of this kit for your research needs.
| Product Name: | Human Thioredoxin Reductase 1/TXNRD1 ELISA Kit |
| Product Code: | HUFI02924 |
| Size: | 96 Assays |
| Alias: | TrxR1, GRIM-12, KDRF, TR1, TRXRD1, TXNR, TXNRD1, EC 1.8.1, EC 1.8.1.9, Gene associated with retinoic and IFN-induced mortality 12 protein, Gene associated with retinoic and interferon-induced mortality 12 protein, GRIM12, GRIM-12TR1, KDRF, KM-102-derived reductase-like factor, MGC9145, oxidoreductase, thioredoxin reductase 1, thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic, thioredoxin reductase GRIM-12, Thioredoxin reductase TR1, TR, Trxr1, TXNRTRXR1 |
| Detection method: | Sandwich ELISA, Double Antibody |
| Application: | This immunoassay kit allows for the in vitro quantitative determination of Human TrxR1 concentrations in serum plasma and other biological fluids. |
| Sensitivity: | 0.094ng/ml |
| Range: | 0.156-10ng/ml |
| Storage: | 4°C for 6 months |
| Note: | For Research Use Only |
| Recovery: | Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of Human TrxR1 and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Human TrxR1 in samples. | ||||||||||||||||
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| Linearity: | The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Human TrxR1 and their serial dilutions. The results were demonstrated by the percentage of calculated concentration to the expected. | ||||||||||||||||
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| CV(%): | Intra-Assay: CV<8% Inter-Assay: CV<10% |
| Component | Quantity | Storage |
| ELISA Microplate (Dismountable) | 8×12 strips | 4°C for 6 months |
| Lyophilized Standard | 2 | 4°C/-20°C |
| Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer | 20ml | 4°C |
| Biotin-labeled Antibody(Concentrated) | 120ul | 4°C (Protect from light) |
| Antibody Dilution Buffer | 10ml | 4°C |
| HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate(SABC) | 120ul | 4°C (Protect from light) |
| SABC Dilution Buffer | 10ml | 4°C |
| TMB Substrate | 10ml | 4°C (Protect from light) |
| Stop Solution | 10ml | 4°C |
| Wash Buffer(25X) | 30ml | 4°C |
| Plate Sealer | 5 | - |
Other materials and equipment required:
- Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
- Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
- Incubator
- Deionized or distilled water
- Absorbent paper
- Buffer resevoir
| Uniprot | Q16881 |
| UniProt Protein Function: | TRXR1: a cytoplasmic pyridine nucleotide oxidoreductases. This protein reduces thioredoxins as well as other substrates, and plays a role in selenium metabolism and protection against oxidative stress. The functional enzyme is thought to be a homodimer which uses FAD as a cofactor. Each subunit contains a selenocysteine residue which is required for the catalytic activity. |
| UniProt Protein Details: | Protein type:EC 1.8.1.9; Nuclear receptor co-regulator; Oxidoreductase; Nucleotide Metabolism - pyrimidine Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 12q23-q24.1 Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; nucleolus; cytosol Molecular Function:protein binding; thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity; FAD binding; electron carrier activity; protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity Biological Process: response to reactive oxygen species; cell redox homeostasis; nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide metabolic process; nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide interconversion; cellular lipid metabolic process; signal transduction |
| NCBI Summary: | This gene encodes a member of the family of pyridine nucleotide oxidoreductases. This protein reduces thioredoxins as well as other substrates, and plays a role in selenium metabolism and protection against oxidative stress. The functional enzyme is thought to be a homodimer which uses FAD as a cofactor. Each subunit contains a selenocysteine (Sec) residue which is required for catalytic activity. The selenocysteine is encoded by the UGA codon that normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTR of selenocysteine-containing genes have a common stem-loop structure, the sec insertion sequence (SECIS), that is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon rather than as a stop signal. Alternative splicing results in several transcript variants encoding the same or different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] |
| UniProt Code: | Q16881 |
| NCBI GenInfo Identifier: | 172046253 |
| NCBI Gene ID: | 7296 |
| NCBI Accession: | Q16881.3 |
| UniProt Secondary Accession: | Q16881,Q6FI31, Q6VB40, Q6VB41, Q6VB42, Q6VBP2, Q6VBP3 B7Z1F4, B7Z3Y8, B7Z904, E9PMY9, F5H780, |
| UniProt Related Accession: | Q16881 |
| Molecular Weight: | 50,873 Da |
| NCBI Full Name: | Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic |
| NCBI Synonym Full Names: | thioredoxin reductase 1 |
| NCBI Official Symbol: | TXNRD1Â Â |
| NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: | TR; TR1; TXNR; TRXR1; GRIM-12Â Â |
| NCBI Protein Information: | thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic; oxidoreductase; thioredoxin reductase TR1; thioredoxin reductase GRIM-12; KM-102-derived reductase-like factor; gene associated with retinoic and IFN-induced mortality 12 protein; gene associated with retinoic and interferon-induced mortality 12 protein |
| UniProt Protein Name: | Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic |
| UniProt Synonym Protein Names: | Gene associated with retinoic and interferon-induced mortality 12 protein; GRIM-12; Gene associated with retinoic and IFN-induced mortality 12 protein; KM-102-derived reductase-like factor; Thioredoxin reductase TR1 |
| Protein Family: | Tropinone reductase |
| UniProt Gene Name: | TXNRD1Â Â |
| UniProt Entry Name: | TRXR1_HUMAN |
*Note: Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.
Before adding to wells, equilibrate the SABC working solution and TMB substrate for at least 30 min at 37°C. When diluting samples and reagents, they must be mixed completely and evenly. It is recommended to plot a standard curve for each test.
| Step | Protocol |
| 1. | Set standard, test sample and control (zero) wells on the pre-coated plate respectively, and then, record their positions. It is recommended to measure each standard and sample in duplicate. Wash plate 2 times before adding standard, sample and control (zero) wells! |
| 2. | Aliquot 0.1ml standard solutions into the standard wells. |
| 3. | Add 0.1 ml of Sample / Standard dilution buffer into the control (zero) well. |
| 4. | Add 0.1 ml of properly diluted sample ( Human serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.) into test sample wells. |
| 5. | Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37 °C for 90 min. |
| 6. | Remove the cover and discard the plate content, clap the plate on the absorbent filter papers or other absorbent material. Do NOT let the wells completely dry at any time. Wash plate X2. |
| 7. | Add 0.1 ml of Biotin- detection antibody working solution into the above wells (standard, test sample & zero wells). Add the solution at the bottom of each well without touching the side wall. |
| 8. | Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37°C for 60 min. |
| 9. | Remove the cover, and wash plate 3 times with Wash buffer. Let wash buffer rest in wells for 1 min between each wash. |
| 10. | Add 0.1 ml of SABC working solution into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C for 30 min. |
| 11. | Remove the cover and wash plate 5 times with Wash buffer, and each time let the wash buffer stay in the wells for 1-2 min. |
| 12. | Add 90 µl of TMB substrate into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C in dark within 10-20 min. (Note: This incubation time is for reference use only, the optimal time should be determined by end user.) And the shades of blue can be seen in the first 3-4 wells (with most concentrated standard solutions), the other wells show no obvious color. |
| 13. | Add 50 µl of Stop solution into each well and mix thoroughly. The color changes into yellow immediately. |
| 14. | Read the O.D. absorbance at 450 nm in a microplate reader immediately after adding the stop solution. |
When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.
| Sample Type | Protocol |
| Serum | If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Plasma | Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit. |
| Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid | Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid. |
| Cell culture supernatant | Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately. |
| Cell lysates | Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Tissue homogenates | The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C. |
| Tissue lysates | Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Breast Milk | Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Liu et al. | Biosynthesis of fungus-based oral selenium microcarriers for radioprotection and immuno-homeostasis shaping against radiation-induced heart disease | Bioactive Materials 2024 | PubMed ID: 38689659 |
