Description
Human Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) ELISA Kit
The Human Toll-Like Receptor 9 (TLR9) ELISA Kit is a highly sensitive and specific assay designed for the precise measurement of TLR9 levels in human samples including serum, plasma, and cell culture supernatants. This kit provides reliable and reproducible results, making it an excellent choice for a wide range of research applications.TLR9 is a key regulator of the immune response, detecting microbial DNA and activating the innate immune system.
Dysregulation of TLR9 has been implicated in a variety of inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disorders, and cancer. The Human TLR9 ELISA Kit is essential for studying the role of TLR9 in these conditions and may offer insights into potential therapeutic interventions.
| Product Name: | Human Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) ELISA Kit |
| SKU: | HUEB0817 |
| Size: | 96T |
| Target: | Human Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) |
| Synonyms: | CD289, UNQ5798/PRO19605 |
| Assay Type: | Sandwich |
| Detection Method: | ELISA |
| Reactivity: | Human |
| Detection Range: | 0.312-20ng/ml |
| Sensitivity: | 0.17ng/mL |
| Intra CV: | 6.7% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Inter CV: | 10.3% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Linearity: |
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| Recovery: |
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| Function: | Key component of innate and adaptive immunity. TLRs (Toll-like receptors) control host immune response against pathogens through recognition of molecular patterns specific to microorganisms. TLR9 is a nucleotide-sensing TLR which is activated by unmethylated cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) dinucleotides. Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Controls lymphocyte response to Helicobacter infection. |
| Uniprot: | Q9NR96 |
| Sample Type: | Serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids |
| Specificity: | Natural and recombinant human Toll-like receptor 9 |
| Sub Unit: | Interacts with MYD88 via their respective TIR domains (By similarity). Interacts (via transmembrane domain) with UNC93B1 (By similarity). Interacts with CD300LH; the interaction may promote full activation of TLR9-triggered innate responses (By similarity). Interacts with BTK. Interacts with CNPY3 and HSP90B1; this interaction is required for proper folding in the endoplasmic reticulum. Interacts with SMPDL3B. |
| Research Area: | Immunology |
| Subcellular Location: | Endoplasmic reticulum membrane Single-pass type I membrane protein Endosome Lysosome Cytoplasmic vesicle Phagosome Relocalizes from endoplasmic reticulum to endosome and lysosome upon stimulation with agonist. |
| Storage: | Please see kit components below for exact storage details |
| Note: | For research use only |
| UniProt Protein Function: | TLR9: Key component of innate and adaptive immunity. TLRs (Toll-like receptors) control host immune response against pathogens through recognition of molecular patterns specific to microorganisms. TLR9 is a nucleotide-sensing TLR which is activated by unmethylated cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) dinucleotides. Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Controls lymphocyte response to Helicobacter infection. Interacts with MYD88 via their respective TIR domains. Interacts (via transmembrane domain) with UNC93B1. Interacts with CD300LH; the interaction may promote full activation of TLR9-triggered innate responses. Interacts with BTK. Interacts with CNPY3 and HSP90B1; this interaction is required for proper folding in the endoplasmic reticulum. Highly expressed in spleen, lymph node, tonsil and peripheral blood leukocytes, especially in plasmacytoid pre- dendritic cells. Levels are much lower in monocytes and CD11c+ immature dendritic cells. Also detected in lung and liver. Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family. 5 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing. |
| UniProt Protein Details: | Protein type:Receptor, misc.; Membrane protein, integral Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 3p21.3 Cellular Component: apical plasma membrane; basolateral plasma membrane; cytoplasm; endoplasmic reticulum; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; endosome; endosome membrane; Golgi membrane; lysosome; plasma membrane Molecular Function:1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity; interleukin-1 receptor binding; siRNA binding Biological Process: activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; axonogenesis; defense response to Gram-negative bacterium; I-kappaB phosphorylation; inhibition of NF-kappaB transcription factor; innate immune response; maintenance of gastrointestinal epithelium; negative regulation of interleukin-6 production; negative regulation of interleukin-8 production; negative regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of chemokine production; positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; positive regulation of inflammatory response; positive regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process; positive regulation of interferon-beta biosynthetic process; positive regulation of interferon-beta production; positive regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process; positive regulation of interleukin-10 production; positive regulation of interleukin-12 production; positive regulation of interleukin-18 production; positive regulation of interleukin-6 production; positive regulation of interleukin-8 production; positive regulation of JNK activity; positive regulation of JNK cascade; positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus; positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process; positive regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production; response to molecule of bacterial origin; toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway; toll-like receptor signaling pathway; tumor necrosis factor production |
| NCBI Summary: | The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This gene is preferentially expressed in immune cell rich tissues, such as spleen, lymph node, bone marrow and peripheral blood leukocytes. Studies in mice and human indicate that this receptor mediates cellular response to unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in bacterial DNA to mount an innate immune response. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] |
| UniProt Code: | Q9NR96 |
| NCBI GenInfo Identifier: | 20140872 |
| NCBI Gene ID: | 54106 |
| NCBI Accession: | Q9NR96.2 |
| UniProt Secondary Accession: | Q9NR96,Q6UVZ2, Q9HD68, Q9HD69, Q9HD70, Q9NYC2, Q9NYC3 B3Y661, D1CS56, |
| UniProt Related Accession: | Q9NR96 |
| Molecular Weight: | 114,237 Da |
| NCBI Full Name: | Toll-like receptor 9 |
| NCBI Synonym Full Names: | toll like receptor 9 |
| NCBI Official Symbol: | TLR9 |
| NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: | CD289 |
| NCBI Protein Information: | toll-like receptor 9 |
| UniProt Protein Name: | Toll-like receptor 9 |
| UniProt Synonym Protein Names: | CD_antigen: CD289 |
| Protein Family: | Toll-like receptor |
| UniProt Gene Name: | TLR9 |
| UniProt Entry Name: | TLR9_HUMAN |
| Component | Quantity (96 Assays) | Storage |
| ELISA Microplate (Dismountable) | 8×12 strips | -20°C |
| Lyophilized Standard | 2 | -20°C |
| Sample Diluent | 20ml | -20°C |
| Assay Diluent A | 10mL | -20°C |
| Assay Diluent B | 10mL | -20°C |
| Detection Reagent A | 120µL | -20°C |
| Detection Reagent B | 120µL | -20°C |
| Wash Buffer | 30mL | 4°C |
| Substrate | 10mL | 4°C |
| Stop Solution | 10mL | 4°C |
| Plate Sealer | 5 | - |
Other materials and equipment required:
- Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
- Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
- Incubator
- Deionized or distilled water
- Absorbent paper
- Buffer resevoir
*Note: The below protocol is a sample protocol. Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.
Allow all reagents to reach room temperature (Please do not dissolve the reagents at 37°C directly). All the reagents should be mixed thoroughly by gently swirling before pipetting. Avoid foaming. Keep appropriate numbers of strips for 1 experiment and remove extra strips from microtiter plate. Removed strips should be resealed and stored at -20°C until the kits expiry date. Prepare all reagents, working standards and samples as directed in the previous sections. Please predict the concentration before assaying. If values for these are not within the range of the standard curve, users must determine the optimal sample dilutions for their experiments. We recommend running all samples in duplicate.
| Step | |
| 1. | Add Sample: Add 100µL of Standard, Blank, or Sample per well. The blank well is added with Sample diluent. Solutions are added to the bottom of micro ELISA plate well, avoid inside wall touching and foaming as possible. Mix it gently. Cover the plate with sealer we provided. Incubate for 120 minutes at 37°C. |
| 2. | Remove the liquid from each well, don't wash. Add 100µL of Detection Reagent A working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing. Incubate for 1 hour at 37°C. Note: if Detection Reagent A appears cloudy warm to room temperature until solution is uniform. |
| 3. | Aspirate each well and wash, repeating the process three times. Wash by filling each well with Wash Buffer (approximately 400µL) (a squirt bottle, multi-channel pipette,manifold dispenser or automated washer are needed). Complete removal of liquid at each step is essential. After the last wash, completely remove remaining Wash Buffer by aspirating or decanting. Invert the plate and pat it against thick clean absorbent paper. |
| 4. | Add 100µL of Detection Reagent B working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Incubate for 60 minutes at 37°C. |
| 5. | Repeat the wash process for five times as conducted in step 3. |
| 6. | Add 90µL of Substrate Solution to each well. Cover with a new Plate sealer and incubate for 10-20 minutes at 37°C. Protect the plate from light. The reaction time can be shortened or extended according to the actual color change, but this should not exceed more than 30 minutes. When apparent gradient appears in standard wells, user should terminatethe reaction. |
| 7. | Add 50µL of Stop Solution to each well. If color change does not appear uniform, gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing. |
| 8. | Determine the optical density (OD value) of each well at once, using a micro-plate reader set to 450 nm. User should open the micro-plate reader in advance, preheat the instrument, and set the testing parameters. |
| 9. | After experiment, store all reagents according to the specified storage temperature respectively until their expiry. |
When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.
| Sample Type | Protocol |
| Serum | If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Plasma | Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit. |
| Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid | Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid. |
| Cell culture supernatant | Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately. |
| Cell lysates | Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Tissue homogenates | The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C. |
| Tissue lysates | Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Breast Milk | Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles. |
