Mouse Interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (Eif2ak2) ELISA Kit
The Mouse Interferon-Induced Double-Stranded RNA-Activated Protein Kinase (EIF2AK2) ELISA Kit is specifically designed for the accurate detection of EIF2AK2 levels in mouse serum, plasma, and cell culture supernatants. This kit offers high sensitivity and specificity, ensuring reliable and reproducible results for a variety of research applications.EIF2AK2, also known as protein kinase R (PKR), is a critical component of the interferon response pathway, playing a key role in antiviral defense and immune regulation. Dysregulation of EIF2AK2 is associated with various diseases, including viral infections, autoimmune disorders, and cancer.
Therefore, accurate measurement of EIF2AK2 levels is essential for understanding its function and developing potential therapeutic interventions.This ELISA kit provides researchers with a valuable tool for studying the role of EIF2AK2 in mouse models, offering a reliable and efficient method for quantifying its expression levels in biological samples. With its high sensitivity and specificity, the Mouse EIF2AK2 ELISA Kit is an essential resource for investigating the function of EIF2AK2 in a wide range of research fields.
Product Name:
Mouse Interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (Eif2ak2) ELISA Kit
SKU:
MOEB0919
Size:
96T
Target:
Mouse Interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (Eif2ak2)
Synonyms:
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2, Interferon-inducible RNA-dependent protein kinase, P1/eIF-2A protein kinase, Protein kinase RNA-activated, Serine/threonine-protein kinase TIK, Tyrosine-protein kinase EIF2AK2, p68 kinase, eIF-2A protein kinase 2, PKR, Pkr, Prkr, Tik
Assay Type:
Sandwich
Detection Method:
ELISA
Reactivity:
Mouse
Detection Range:
0.312-20ng/mL
Sensitivity:
0.157ng/mL
Intra CV:
8.3%
Inter CV:
10.0%
Linearity:
Sample
1:2
1:4
1:8
1:16
Serum(N=5)
84-94%
104-114%
92-101%
84-95%
EDTA Plasma(N=5)
84-94%
115-125%
110-120%
105-115%
Heparin Plasma(N=5)
93-103%
109-119%
104-114%
104-115%
Recovery:
Sample Type
Average(%)
Recovery Range(%)
Serum
90
84-96
Plasma
92
86-98
Function:
IFN-induced dsRNA-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase which plays a key role in the innate immune response to viral infection and is also involved in the regulation of signal transduction, apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation. Exerts its antiviral activity on a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses including west nile virus (WNV), sindbis virus (SV), foot-and-mouth virus (FMDV), semliki Forest virus (SFV) and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Inhibits viral replication via phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (EIF2S1), this phosphorylation impairs the recycling of EIF2S1 between successive rounds of initiation leading to inhibition of translation which eventually results in shutdown of cellular and viral protein synthesis. Also phosphorylates other substrates including p53/TP53, PPP2R5A, DHX9, ILF3 and IRS1. In addition to serine/threonine-protein kinase activity, also has tyrosine-protein kinase activity and phosphorylates CDK1 at 'Tyr-4' upon DNA damage, facilitating its ubiquitination and proteosomal degradation. Either as an adapter protein and/or via its kinase activity, can regulate various signaling pathways (p38 MAP kinase, NF-kappa-B and insulin signaling pathways) and transcription factors (JUN, STAT1, STAT3, IRF1, ATF3) involved in the expression of genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines and IFNs. Activates the NF-kappa-B pathway via interaction with IKBKB and TRAF family of proteins and activates the p38 MAP kinase pathway via interaction with MAP2K6. Can act as both a positive and negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathway (ISP). Negatively regulates ISP by inducing the inhibitory phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) at 'Ser-312' and positively regulates ISP via phosphorylation of PPP2R5A which activates FOXO1, which in turn up-regulates the expression of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2). Can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and the activation of NLRP3, NLRP1, AIM2 and NLRC4 inflammasomes. Can trigger apoptosis via FADD-mediated activation of CASP8. Plays a role in the regulation of the cytoskeleton by binding to gelsolin (GSN), sequestering the protein in an inactive conformation away from actin. Regulates proliferation, differentiation and survival of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, induction of cytokines and chemokines and plays a role in cortex-dependent memory consolidation.
Uniprot:
Q03963
Sample Type:
Serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids
Specificity:
Natural and recombinant mouse Interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase
Sub Unit:
Homodimer. Interacts with DNAJC3 and STRBP (By similarity). Forms a complex with FANCA, FANCC, FANCG and HSP70 (By similarity). Interacts with ADAR/ADAR1. The inactive form interacts with NCK1. Interacts (via the kinase catalytic domain) with STAT3 (via SH2 domain), TRAF2 (C-terminus), TRAF5 (C-terminus) and TRAF6 (C-terminus). Interacts with MAP2K6, TARBP2, NLRP1, NLRC4 and AIM2. Interacts (via DRBM 1 domain) with DUS2L (via DRBM domain) (By similarity). Interacts with DHX9 (via N-terminus) and this interaction is dependent upon activation of the kinase. The inactive form interacts with GSN. Interacts with IKBKB/IKKB, NPM1, NLRP3 and IRS1.
Research Area:
Cancer
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm Nucleus Cytoplasm Perinuclear region
Storage:
Please see kit components below for exact storage details
Note:
For research use only
UniProt Protein Function:
PKR: a protein kinase of the PEK family. Upon binding double-stranded RNA, it becomes autophosphorylated and activated. Phosphorylates and inhibits the alpha subunit of eIF2 alpha, which leads to an inhibition of the initiation of protein synthesis. Controls the activation of several transcription factors such as NF-kappaB, p53 and Stats. Mediates apoptosis induced by many different stimuli, such as LPS, TNF-alpha, viral infection and serum starvation.Protein type: Protein kinase, Other; EC 2.7.11.1; Protein kinase, Ser/Thr (non-receptor); Kinase, protein; EC 2.7.10.2; Translation; Other group; PEK familyCellular Component: membrane; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; cytoplasm; nucleusMolecular Function: transferase activity; protein serine/threonine kinase activity; protein binding; RNA binding; protein-tyrosine kinase activity; double-stranded RNA binding; transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups; nucleotide binding; non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity; kinase activity; ATP binding; protein kinase activityBiological Process: positive regulation of cytokine production; translation; transcription, DNA-dependent; activation of MAPKK activity; positive regulation of apoptosis; immune system process; unfolded protein response; response to toxin; response to virus; protein amino acid autophosphorylation; response to lipopolysaccharide; protein amino acid phosphorylation; positive regulation of chemokine production; positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade; activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; response to vitamin E; negative regulation of viral genome replication; regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; negative regulation of translation; innate immune response; negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation; phosphorylation; defense response to virus; negative regulation of apoptosis
Interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase
UniProt Gene Name:
Eif2ak2
UniProt Entry Name:
E2AK2_MOUSE
Component
Quantity (96 Assays)
Storage
ELISA Microplate (Dismountable)
8×12 strips
-20°C
Lyophilized Standard
2
-20°C
Sample Diluent
20ml
-20°C
Assay Diluent A
10mL
-20°C
Assay Diluent B
10mL
-20°C
Detection Reagent A
120µL
-20°C
Detection Reagent B
120µL
-20°C
Wash Buffer
30mL
4°C
Substrate
10mL
4°C
Stop Solution
10mL
4°C
Plate Sealer
5
-
Other materials and equipment required:
Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
Incubator
Deionized or distilled water
Absorbent paper
Buffer resevoir
*Note: The below protocol is a sample protocol. Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.
Allow all reagents to reach room temperature (Please do not dissolve the reagents at 37°C directly). All the reagents should be mixed thoroughly by gently swirling before pipetting. Avoid foaming. Keep appropriate numbers of strips for 1 experiment and remove extra strips from microtiter plate. Removed strips should be resealed and stored at -20°C until the kits expiry date. Prepare all reagents, working standards and samples as directed in the previous sections. Please predict the concentration before assaying. If values for these are not within the range of the standard curve, users must determine the optimal sample dilutions for their experiments. We recommend running all samples in duplicate.
Step
1.
Add Sample: Add 100µL of Standard, Blank, or Sample per well. The blank well is added with Sample diluent. Solutions are added to the bottom of micro ELISA plate well, avoid inside wall touching and foaming as possible. Mix it gently. Cover the plate with sealer we provided. Incubate for 120 minutes at 37°C.
2.
Remove the liquid from each well, don't wash. Add 100µL of Detection Reagent A working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing. Incubate for 1 hour at 37°C. Note: if Detection Reagent A appears cloudy warm to room temperature until solution is uniform.
3.
Aspirate each well and wash, repeating the process three times. Wash by filling each well with Wash Buffer (approximately 400µL) (a squirt bottle, multi-channel pipette,manifold dispenser or automated washer are needed). Complete removal of liquid at each step is essential. After the last wash, completely remove remaining Wash Buffer by aspirating or decanting. Invert the plate and pat it against thick clean absorbent paper.
4.
Add 100µL of Detection Reagent B working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Incubate for 60 minutes at 37°C.
5.
Repeat the wash process for five times as conducted in step 3.
6.
Add 90µL of Substrate Solution to each well. Cover with a new Plate sealer and incubate for 10-20 minutes at 37°C. Protect the plate from light. The reaction time can be shortened or extended according to the actual color change, but this should not exceed more than 30 minutes. When apparent gradient appears in standard wells, user should terminatethe reaction.
7.
Add 50µL of Stop Solution to each well. If color change does not appear uniform, gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing.
8.
Determine the optical density (OD value) of each well at once, using a micro-plate reader set to 450 nm. User should open the micro-plate reader in advance, preheat the instrument, and set the testing parameters.
9.
After experiment, store all reagents according to the specified storage temperature respectively until their expiry.
When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.
Sample Type
Protocol
Serum
If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Plasma
Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit.
Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid
Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid.
Cell culture supernatant
Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately.
Cell lysates
Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Tissue homogenates
The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C.
Tissue lysates
Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Breast Milk
Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles.
