Rat Multidrug resistance protein 2 (Abcb4) ELISA Kit
The Rat Multidrug Resistance Protein 2 (ABCB4) ELISA Kit is a valuable tool for scientists looking to accurately measure levels of ABCB4 in rat samples. This kit offers high sensitivity and specificity, providing researchers with reliable and reproducible results for a variety of research applications.ABCB4, also known as multidrug resistance protein 2, plays a key role in drug transport and resistance in cells.
Understanding the expression and activity of ABCB4 is crucial for studying drug resistance mechanisms and developing potential strategies to overcome them.Whether investigating drug resistance in cancer cells or studying the role of ABCB4 in liver function, the Rat Multidrug Resistance Protein 2 (ABCB4) ELISA Kit provides researchers with the necessary tools to advance their scientific inquiries.
Product Name:
Rat Multidrug resistance protein 2 (Abcb4) ELISA Kit
SKU:
RTEB0590
Size:
96T
Target:
Rat Multidrug resistance protein 2 (Abcb4)
Synonyms:
ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 4, Multidrug resistance protein 2, Multidrug resistance protein 3, P-glycoprotein 2, P-glycoprotein 3, Mdr2, Pgp3, Pgy2
Assay Type:
Sandwich
Detection Method:
ELISA
Reactivity:
Rat
Detection Range:
0.156-10ng/mL
Sensitivity:
0.061ng/mL
Intra CV:
4.2%
Inter CV:
7.6%
Linearity:
Sample
1:2
1:4
1:8
1:16
Serum(N=5)
94-104%
104-116%
81-91%
102-113%
EDTA Plasma(N=5)
91-100%
97-106%
97-109%
115-125%
Heparin Plasma(N=5)
107-115%
82-91%
107-117%
102-112%
Recovery:
Sample Type
Average(%)
Recovery Range(%)
Serum
107
101-113
Plasma
109
103-115
Function:
Energy-dependent phospholipid efflux translocator that acts as a positive regulator of biliary lipid secretion. Functions as a floppase that translocates specifically phosphatidylcholine (PC) from the inner to the outer leaflet of the canalicular membrane bilayer into the canaliculi of hepatocytes. Translocation of PC makes the biliary phospholipids available for extraction into the canaliculi lumen by bile salt mixed micelles and therefore protects the biliary tree from the detergent activity of bile salts. Plays a role in the recruitment of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and sphingomyelin (SM) molecules to nonraft membranes and to further enrichment of SM and cholesterol in raft membranes in hepatocytes. Required for proper phospholipid bile formation. Indirectly involved in cholesterol efflux activity from hepatocytes into the canalicular lumen in the presence of bile salts in an ATP-dependent manner. May promote biliary phospholipid secretion as canaliculi-containing vesicles from the canalicular plasma membrane. In cooperation with ATP8B1, functions to protect hepatocytes from the deleterious detergent activity of bile salts. Does not confer multidrug resistance.
Uniprot:
Q08201
Sample Type:
Serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids
Specificity:
Natural and recombinant rat Phosphatidylcholine translocator ABCB4
Sub Unit:
Interacts with HAX1 (PubMed:15159385). May interact with RACK1.
Research Area:
Cardiovascular
Subcellular Location:
Cell membrane Multi-pass membrane protein Apical cell membrane Multi-pass membrane protein Membrane raft Cytoplasm Cytoplasmic vesicle Clathrin-coated vesicle Localized at the apical canalicular membrane of the epithelial cells lining the lumen of the bile canaliculi and biliary ductules. Localized preferentially in lipid nonraft domains of canalicular plasma membranes. Transported from the Golgi to the apical bile canalicular membrane in a RACK1-dependent manner. Redistributed into pseudocanaliculi formed between cells in a bezafibrate- or PPARA-dependent manner.
Storage:
Please see kit components below for exact storage details
Note:
For research use only
UniProt Protein Function:
ABCB4: a transporter that mediates ATP-dependent export of organic anions and drugs from the cytoplasm. Hydrolyzes ATP with low efficiency. Human ABCB4 is not capable of conferring drug resistance. Mediates the translocation of phosphatidylcholine across the canalicular membrane of the hepatocyte. Interacts with HAX1. Defects are the cause of gallstones, and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis 3, an autosomal recessive liver disorder that progresses to cirrhosis and liver failure before adulthood. Two alternatively spliced human isoforms have been described.Protein type: EC 3.6.3.44; Hydrolase; Membrane protein, integral; Membrane protein, multi-pass; Transporter; Transporter, ABC familyChromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 7q21.12Cellular Component: apical plasma membrane; cytoplasm; integral to plasma membrane; membrane; plasma membraneMolecular Function: ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances; phosphatidylcholine transmembrane transporter activity; phospholipid transporter activity; protein bindingBiological Process: antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via ER pathway, TAP-dependent; antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib via ER pathway, TAP-dependent; antigen processing and presentation of exogenous protein antigen via MHC class Ib, TAP-dependent; bile acid secretion; lipid homeostasis; lipid metabolic process; phospholipid translocation; positive regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I; positive regulation of cholesterol transport; response to drug; transmembrane transport; transportDisease: Cholestasis, Intrahepatic, Of Pregnancy 3; Cholestasis, Progressive Familial Intrahepatic, 3; Gallbladder Disease 1
UniProt Protein Details:
NCBI Summary:
The membrane-associated protein encoded by this gene is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. ABC proteins transport various molecules across extra- and intra-cellular membranes. ABC genes are divided into seven distinct subfamilies (ABC1, MDR/TAP, MRP, ALD, OABP, GCN20, White). This protein is a member of the MDR/TAP subfamily. Members of the MDR/TAP subfamily are involved in multidrug resistance as well as antigen presentation. This gene encodes a full transporter and member of the p-glycoprotein family of membrane proteins with phosphatidylcholine as its substrate. The function of this protein has not yet been determined; however, it may involve transport of phospholipids from liver hepatocytes into bile. Alternative splicing of this gene results in several products of undetermined function. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
Incubator
Deionized or distilled water
Absorbent paper
Buffer resevoir
*Note: The below protocol is a sample protocol. Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.
Allow all reagents to reach room temperature (Please do not dissolve the reagents at 37°C directly). All the reagents should be mixed thoroughly by gently swirling before pipetting. Avoid foaming. Keep appropriate numbers of strips for 1 experiment and remove extra strips from microtiter plate. Removed strips should be resealed and stored at -20°C until the kits expiry date. Prepare all reagents, working standards and samples as directed in the previous sections. Please predict the concentration before assaying. If values for these are not within the range of the standard curve, users must determine the optimal sample dilutions for their experiments. We recommend running all samples in duplicate.
Step
1.
Add Sample: Add 100µL of Standard, Blank, or Sample per well. The blank well is added with Sample diluent. Solutions are added to the bottom of micro ELISA plate well, avoid inside wall touching and foaming as possible. Mix it gently. Cover the plate with sealer we provided. Incubate for 120 minutes at 37°C.
2.
Remove the liquid from each well, don't wash. Add 100µL of Detection Reagent A working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing. Incubate for 1 hour at 37°C. Note: if Detection Reagent A appears cloudy warm to room temperature until solution is uniform.
3.
Aspirate each well and wash, repeating the process three times. Wash by filling each well with Wash Buffer (approximately 400µL) (a squirt bottle, multi-channel pipette,manifold dispenser or automated washer are needed). Complete removal of liquid at each step is essential. After the last wash, completely remove remaining Wash Buffer by aspirating or decanting. Invert the plate and pat it against thick clean absorbent paper.
4.
Add 100µL of Detection Reagent B working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Incubate for 60 minutes at 37°C.
5.
Repeat the wash process for five times as conducted in step 3.
6.
Add 90µL of Substrate Solution to each well. Cover with a new Plate sealer and incubate for 10-20 minutes at 37°C. Protect the plate from light. The reaction time can be shortened or extended according to the actual color change, but this should not exceed more than 30 minutes. When apparent gradient appears in standard wells, user should terminatethe reaction.
7.
Add 50µL of Stop Solution to each well. If color change does not appear uniform, gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing.
8.
Determine the optical density (OD value) of each well at once, using a micro-plate reader set to 450 nm. User should open the micro-plate reader in advance, preheat the instrument, and set the testing parameters.
9.
After experiment, store all reagents according to the specified storage temperature respectively until their expiry.
When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.
Sample Type
Protocol
Serum
If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Plasma
Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit.
Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid
Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid.
Cell culture supernatant
Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately.
Cell lysates
Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Tissue homogenates
The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C.
Tissue lysates
Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Breast Milk
Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles.
