Rat PDHA2 ELISA Kit (RTFI00283)

Product Name:	Rat PDHA2 ELISA Kit
Product Code:	RTFI00283
Size:	96 Assays
Target:	Rat Pdha2
Alias:	Pdha2, PDHA2, PDHAL, Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, testis-specific form, mitochondrial, PDHE1-A type II
Reactivity:	Rat
Detection Method:	Sandwich ELISA, Double Antibody
Sensitivity:	46.875pg/ml
Range:	78.125-5000pg/ml
Storage:	4°C for 6 months
Note:	For Research Use Only

Recovery:

Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of Rat Pdha2 and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Rat Pdha2 in samples.

Matrix	Recovery range(%)	Average(%)
serum(n=5)	87-105	96
EDTA plasma(n=5)	85-102	91
UFH plasma(n=5)	85-100	93

Linearity:

The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Rat Pdha2 and their serial dilutions. The results were demonstrated by the percentage of calculated concentration to the expected.

Sample	1:2	1:4	1:8
serum(n=5)	88-104%	92-104%	92-105%
EDTA plasma(n=5)	89-97%	82-100%	84-94%
UFH plasma(n=5)	82-88%	86-99%	80-94%

Intra-Assay:

CV <8%

Inter-Assay:

CV <10%

Uniprot:

Q06437

UniProt Protein Function:	PDHA2: a testis-specific mitochondrial matrix enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, producing acetyl-CoA and CO2. A key enzyme in controlling the balance between lipid and glucose oxidation depending on substrate availability. The pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) holoenzyme is a multi-enzyme complex (PDHC) that contains 20-30 copies of pyruvate decarboxylase tetramers (2 alpha:2 beta)(E1), 60 copies of dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2), six homodimers of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3), plus E3 binding proteins. The activity of PDH is tightly regulated by phosphorylation. The phosphorylation of at least one of three specific serine residues in E1 subunit by PDHK inactivates the PDHC, while dephosphorylation by PDP restores its activity. Expressed in postmeiotic spermatogenic cells.
UniProt Protein Details:	Protein type:Mitochondrial; Carbohydrate Metabolism - glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; Carbohydrate Metabolism - citrate (TCA) cycle; EC 1.2.4.1; Carbohydrate Metabolism - butanoate; Oxidoreductase; Amino Acid Metabolism - valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis; Carbohydrate Metabolism - pyruvate Cellular Component: mitochondrion; mitochondrial matrix; pyruvate dehydrogenase complex Molecular Function:pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring) activity Biological Process: acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process from pyruvate; glycolysis; tricarboxylic acid cycle; glucose metabolic process; pyruvate metabolic process
NCBI Summary:	mouse homolog codes for one of two E1 alpha subunits for pyruvate dehydrogenase (Pdh) [RGD, Feb 2006]
UniProt Code:	Q06437
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:	16758900
NCBI Gene ID:	117098
NCBI Accession:	NP_446446.1
UniProt Related Accession:	Q06437
Molecular Weight:	43,393 Da
NCBI Full Name:	pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, testis-specific form, mitochondrial
NCBI Synonym Full Names:	pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 alpha 2
NCBI Official Symbol:	Pdha2
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:	Pdhal
NCBI Protein Information:	pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, testis-specific form, mitochondrial
UniProt Protein Name:	Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, testis-specific form, mitochondrial
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:	PDHE1-A type II
Protein Family:	Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component
UniProt Gene Name:	Pdha2
UniProt Entry Name:	ODPAT_RAT

Step	Procedure
1.	Set standard, test sample and control (zero) wells on the pre-coated plate respectively, and then, record their positions. It is recommended to measure each standard and sample in duplicate. Wash plate 2 times before adding standard, sample and control (zero) wells!
2.	Aliquot 0.1ml standard solutions into the standard wells.
3.	Add 0.1 ml of Sample / Standard dilution buffer into the control (zero) well.
4.	Add 0.1 ml of properly diluted sample ( Human serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.) into test sample wells.
5.	Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37°C for 90 min.
6.	Remove the cover and discard the plate content, clap the plate on the absorbent filter papers or other absorbent material. Do NOT let the wells completely dry at any time. Wash plate X2.
7.	Add 0.1 ml of Biotin- detection antibody working solution into the above wells (standard, test sample & zero wells). Add the solution at the bottom of each well without touching the side wall.
8.	Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37°C for 60 min.
9.	Remove the cover, and wash plate 3 times with Wash buffer. Let wash buffer rest in wells for 1 min between each wash.
10.	Add 0.1 ml of SABC working solution into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C for 30 min.
11.	Remove the cover and wash plate 5 times with Wash buffer, and each time let the wash buffer stay in the wells for 1-2 min.
12.	Add 90 µL of TMB substrate into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C in dark within 10-20 min. (Note: This incubation time is for reference use only, the optimal time should be determined by end user.) And the shades of blue can be seen in the first 3-4 wells (with most concentrated standard solutions), the other wells show no obvious color.
13.	Add 50 µL of Stop solution into each well and mix thoroughly. The color changes into yellow immediately.
14.	Read the O.D. absorbance at 450 nm in a microplate reader immediately after adding the stop solution.

When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.

Sample Type	Protocol
Serum:	If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clotovernight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Removeserum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at-80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Plasma:	Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anti-coagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit.
Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid:	Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid.
Cell Culture Supernatant:	Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately.
Cell Lysates:	Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20°C.
Tissue Homogenates:	The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenizein 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or-80°C.
Tissue Lysates:	Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Breast Milk:	Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles.