Human HMGB2 ELISA Kit (HUFI01360)- High Sensitivity

Product Name:	Human HMGB2 ELISA Kit
Product Code:	HUFI01360
Size:	96 Assays
Alias:	HMGB2, High mobility group protein B2, High mobility group protein 2, HMG-2
Detection method:	Sandwich ELISA, Double Antibody
Application:	This immunoassay kit allows for the in vitro quantitative determination of Human HMGB2 concentrations in serum plasma and other biological fluids.
Sensitivity:	46.875pg/ml
Range:	78.125-5000pg/ml
Storage:	4°C for 6 months
Note:	For Research Use Only

Recovery:

Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of Human HMGB2 and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Human HMGB2 in samples.

Matrix	Recovery range(%)	Average(%)
serum(n=5)	86-102	95
EDTA plasma(n=5)	90-99	95
UFH plasma(n=5)	86-101	92

Linearity:

The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Human HMGB2 and their serial dilutions. The results were demonstrated by the percentage of calculated concentration to the expected.

Sample	1:2	1:4	1:8
serum(n=5)	86-104%	91-103%	87-98%
EDTA plasma(n=5)	89-101%	82-96%	85-96%
UFH plasma(n=5)	82-100%	90-99%	80-93%

CV(%):

Intra-Assay: CV<8%
Inter-Assay: CV<10%

Component	Quantity	Storage
ELISA Microplate (Dismountable)	8×12 strips	4°C for 6 months
Lyophilized Standard	2	4°C/-20°C
Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer	20ml	4°C
Biotin-labeled Antibody(Concentrated)	120ul	4°C (Protect from light)
Antibody Dilution Buffer	10ml	4°C
HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate(SABC)	120ul	4°C (Protect from light)
SABC Dilution Buffer	10ml	4°C
TMB Substrate	10ml	4°C (Protect from light)
Stop Solution	10ml	4°C
Wash Buffer(25X)	30ml	4°C
Plate Sealer	5	-

Other materials and equipment required:

Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
Incubator
Deionized or distilled water
Absorbent paper
Buffer resevoir

Uniprot

P26583

UniProt Protein Function:	HMGB2: DNA binding proteins that associates with chromatin and has the ability to bend DNA. Binds preferentially single-stranded DNA. Involved in V(D)J recombination by acting as a cofactor of the RAG complex. Acts by stimulating cleavage and RAG protein binding at the 23 bp spacer of conserved recombination signal sequences (RSS). Belongs to the HMGB family.
UniProt Protein Details:	Protein type:Nuclear receptor co-regulator; DNA-binding Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 4q31 Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; extracellular space; protein complex; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; cytoplasm; condensed chromosome; nucleus Molecular Function:protein domain specific binding; protein binding; RAGE receptor binding; DNA binding; double-stranded DNA binding; damaged DNA binding; chromatin binding; transcription factor activity; DNA bending activity; single-stranded DNA binding; chemoattractant activity Biological Process: positive regulation of nuclease activity; establishment and/or maintenance of chromatin architecture; DNA topological change; V(D)J recombination; apoptosis; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation; male gonad development; spermatid nuclear differentiation; base-excision repair, DNA ligation; chromatin remodeling; regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; nucleosome assembly; positive chemotaxis; response to steroid hormone stimulus; DNA ligation during DNA repair; positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation; DNA fragmentation during apoptosis; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; positive regulation of DNA binding; cell structure disassembly during apoptosis
NCBI Summary:	This gene encodes a member of the non-histone chromosomal high mobility group protein family. The proteins of this family are chromatin-associated and ubiquitously distributed in the nucleus of higher eukaryotic cells. In vitro studies have demonstrated that this protein is able to efficiently bend DNA and form DNA circles. These studies suggest a role in facilitating cooperative interactions between cis-acting proteins by promoting DNA flexibility. This protein was also reported to be involved in the final ligation step in DNA end-joining processes of DNA double-strand breaks repair and V(D)J recombination. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
UniProt Code:	P26583
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:	123374
NCBI Gene ID:	3148
NCBI Accession:	P26583.2
UniProt Secondary Accession:	P26583,Q5U072, B2R4K8, D3DP37,
UniProt Related Accession:	P26583
Molecular Weight:	209
NCBI Full Name:	High mobility group protein B2
NCBI Synonym Full Names:	high mobility group box 2
NCBI Official Symbol:	HMGB2
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:	HMG2
NCBI Protein Information:	high mobility group protein B2; HMG-2; high-mobility group box 2; high mobility group protein 2; high-mobility group (nonhistone chromosomal) protein 2
UniProt Protein Name:	High mobility group protein B2
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:	High mobility group protein 2; HMG-2
Protein Family:	High mobility group protein
UniProt Gene Name:	HMGB2
UniProt Entry Name:	HMGB2_HUMAN

*Note: Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.

Before adding to wells, equilibrate the SABC working solution and TMB substrate for at least 30 min at 37°C. When diluting samples and reagents, they must be mixed completely and evenly. It is recommended to plot a standard curve for each test.

Step	Protocol
1.	Set standard, test sample and control (zero) wells on the pre-coated plate respectively, and then, record their positions. It is recommended to measure each standard and sample in duplicate. Wash plate 2 times before adding standard, sample and control (zero) wells!
2.	Aliquot 0.1ml standard solutions into the standard wells.
3.	Add 0.1 ml of Sample / Standard dilution buffer into the control (zero) well.
4.	Add 0.1 ml of properly diluted sample ( Human serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.) into test sample wells.
5.	Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37 °C for 90 min.
6.	Remove the cover and discard the plate content, clap the plate on the absorbent filter papers or other absorbent material. Do NOT let the wells completely dry at any time. Wash plate X2.
7.	Add 0.1 ml of Biotin- detection antibody working solution into the above wells (standard, test sample & zero wells). Add the solution at the bottom of each well without touching the side wall.
8.	Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37°C for 60 min.
9.	Remove the cover, and wash plate 3 times with Wash buffer. Let wash buffer rest in wells for 1 min between each wash.
10.	Add 0.1 ml of SABC working solution into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C for 30 min.
11.	Remove the cover and wash plate 5 times with Wash buffer, and each time let the wash buffer stay in the wells for 1-2 min.
12.	Add 90 µl of TMB substrate into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C in dark within 10-20 min. (Note: This incubation time is for reference use only, the optimal time should be determined by end user.) And the shades of blue can be seen in the first 3-4 wells (with most concentrated standard solutions), the other wells show no obvious color.
13.	Add 50 µl of Stop solution into each well and mix thoroughly. The color changes into yellow immediately.
14.	Read the O.D. absorbance at 450 nm in a microplate reader immediately after adding the stop solution.

When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.

Sample Type	Protocol
Serum	If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Plasma	Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit.
Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid	Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid.
Cell culture supernatant	Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately.
Cell lysates	Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Tissue homogenates	The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C.
Tissue lysates	Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Breast Milk	Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles.

Human HMGB2 ELISA Kit (HUFI01360)

Description