Description
Human CYP2C9/Cytochrome P450 2C9 ELISA Kit
The Human CYP2C9 (Cytochrome P450 2C9) ELISA Kit is a reliable tool for detecting levels of CYP2C9 in human samples, including serum, plasma, and cell culture supernatants. This kit offers high sensitivity and specificity, ensuring accurate and consistent results for various research applications. CYP2C9 is an important enzyme involved in drug metabolism, specifically in the metabolism of approximately 15-20% of clinically used drugs. Variations in CYP2C9 activity can affect drug efficacy and toxicity, making it a key player in personalized medicine and pharmacogenomics research.
With this ELISA kit, researchers can study the expression and activity of CYP2C9 in different disease states, drug treatments, and patient populations, leading to a better understanding of drug metabolism and personalized medicine strategies. Get reliable and reproducible results with the Human CYP2C9 ELISA Kit for your research needs.
| Product Name: | Human CYP2C9/Cytochrome P450 2C9 ELISA Kit |
| Product Code: | HUFI01541 |
| Size: | 96 Assays |
| Alias: | CYP2C9, Cytochrome P450 2C9, Cytochrome P450 MP-4, Cytochrome P-450MP, CYPIIC9, S-limonene 7-monooxygenase, S-mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase, Cytochrome P450 PB-1, Cytochrome P450 MP-8, R-limonene 6-monooxygenase, S-limonene 6-monooxygenase, CYP2C10, CPC9, CYP2C |
| Detection method: | Sandwich ELISA, Double Antibody |
| Application: | This immunoassay kit allows for the in vitro quantitative determination of Human CYP2C9 concentrations in serum plasma and other biological fluids. |
| Sensitivity: | 0.188ng/ml |
| Range: | 0.313-20ng/ml |
| Storage: | 4°C for 6 months |
| Note: | For Research Use Only |
| Recovery: | Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of Human CYP2C9 and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Human CYP2C9 in samples. | ||||||||||||||||
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| Linearity: | The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Human CYP2C9 and their serial dilutions. The results were demonstrated by the percentage of calculated concentration to the expected. | ||||||||||||||||
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| CV(%): | Intra-Assay: CV<8% Inter-Assay: CV<10% |
| Component | Quantity | Storage |
| ELISA Microplate (Dismountable) | 8×12 strips | 4°C for 6 months |
| Lyophilized Standard | 2 | 4°C/-20°C |
| Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer | 20ml | 4°C |
| Biotin-labeled Antibody(Concentrated) | 120ul | 4°C (Protect from light) |
| Antibody Dilution Buffer | 10ml | 4°C |
| HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate(SABC) | 120ul | 4°C (Protect from light) |
| SABC Dilution Buffer | 10ml | 4°C |
| TMB Substrate | 10ml | 4°C (Protect from light) |
| Stop Solution | 10ml | 4°C |
| Wash Buffer(25X) | 30ml | 4°C |
| Plate Sealer | 5 | - |
Other materials and equipment required:
- Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
- Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
- Incubator
- Deionized or distilled water
- Absorbent paper
- Buffer resevoir
| Uniprot | P11712 |
| UniProt Protein Function: | CYP2C9: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S- warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan. Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. |
| UniProt Protein Details: | Protein type:Xenobiotic Metabolism - metabolism by cytochrome P450; Oxidoreductase; Lipid Metabolism - linoleic acid; Lipid Metabolism - arachidonic acid; EC 1.14.14.1; Secondary Metabolites Metabolism - limonene and pinene degradation; Cofactor and Vitamin Metabolism - retinol; Xenobiotic Metabolism - drug metabolism - cytochrome P450 Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 10q24 Cellular Component: endoplasmic reticulum membrane; intracellular membrane-bound organelle; cytoplasm Molecular Function:(S)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activity; iron ion binding; heme binding; oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen; arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity; (S)-limonene 7-monooxygenase activity; oxidoreductase activity; drug binding; steroid hydroxylase activity; oxygen binding; monooxygenase activity Biological Process: steroid metabolic process; amide metabolic process; drug catabolic process; xenobiotic metabolic process; exogenous drug catabolic process; arachidonic acid metabolic process; monoterpenoid metabolic process; epoxygenase P450 pathway; drug metabolic process; monocarboxylic acid metabolic process; urea metabolic process Disease: Coumarin Resistance |
| NCBI Summary: | This gene encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. This protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and its expression is induced by rifampin. The enzyme is known to metabolize many xenobiotics, including phenytoin, tolbutamide, ibuprofen and S-warfarin. Studies identifying individuals who are poor metabolizers of phenytoin and tolbutamide suggest that this gene is polymorphic. The gene is located within a cluster of cytochrome P450 genes on chromosome 10q24. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] |
| UniProt Code: | P11712 |
| NCBI GenInfo Identifier: | 6686268 |
| NCBI Gene ID: | 1559 |
| NCBI Accession: | P11712.3 |
| UniProt Secondary Accession: | P11712,P11713, Q16756, Q16872, Q5VX92, Q6IRV8, Q8WW80 |
| UniProt Related Accession: | P11712 |
| Molecular Weight: | Calculated MW: 18kDa/55kDaObserved MW: 63kDa |
| NCBI Full Name: | Cytochrome P450 2C9 |
| NCBI Synonym Full Names: | cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9 |
| NCBI Official Symbol: | CYP2C9 |
| NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: | CPC9; CYP2C; CYP2C10; CYPIIC9; P450IIC9 |
| NCBI Protein Information: | cytochrome P450 2C9; cytochrome P-450MP; cytochrome P450 PB-1; microsomal monooxygenase; xenobiotic monooxygenase; flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase; cytochrome P-450 S-mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase |
| UniProt Protein Name: | Cytochrome P450 2C9 |
| UniProt Synonym Protein Names: | (R)-limonene 6-monooxygenase (EC:1.14.13.80); (S)-limonene 6-monooxygenase (EC:1.14.13.48); (S)-limonene 7-monooxygenase (EC:1.14.13.49); CYPIIC9; Cytochrome P-450MP; Cytochrome P450 MP-4; Cytochrome P450 MP-8; Cytochrome P450 PB-1; S-mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase |
| Protein Family: | Cytochrome |
| UniProt Gene Name: | CYP2C9 |
| UniProt Entry Name: | CP2C9_HUMAN |
*Note: Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.
Before adding to wells, equilibrate the SABC working solution and TMB substrate for at least 30 min at 37°C. When diluting samples and reagents, they must be mixed completely and evenly. It is recommended to plot a standard curve for each test.
| Step | Protocol |
| 1. | Set standard, test sample and control (zero) wells on the pre-coated plate respectively, and then, record their positions. It is recommended to measure each standard and sample in duplicate. Wash plate 2 times before adding standard, sample and control (zero) wells! |
| 2. | Aliquot 0.1ml standard solutions into the standard wells. |
| 3. | Add 0.1 ml of Sample / Standard dilution buffer into the control (zero) well. |
| 4. | Add 0.1 ml of properly diluted sample ( Human serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.) into test sample wells. |
| 5. | Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37 °C for 90 min. |
| 6. | Remove the cover and discard the plate content, clap the plate on the absorbent filter papers or other absorbent material. Do NOT let the wells completely dry at any time. Wash plate X2. |
| 7. | Add 0.1 ml of Biotin- detection antibody working solution into the above wells (standard, test sample & zero wells). Add the solution at the bottom of each well without touching the side wall. |
| 8. | Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37°C for 60 min. |
| 9. | Remove the cover, and wash plate 3 times with Wash buffer. Let wash buffer rest in wells for 1 min between each wash. |
| 10. | Add 0.1 ml of SABC working solution into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C for 30 min. |
| 11. | Remove the cover and wash plate 5 times with Wash buffer, and each time let the wash buffer stay in the wells for 1-2 min. |
| 12. | Add 90 µl of TMB substrate into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C in dark within 10-20 min. (Note: This incubation time is for reference use only, the optimal time should be determined by end user.) And the shades of blue can be seen in the first 3-4 wells (with most concentrated standard solutions), the other wells show no obvious color. |
| 13. | Add 50 µl of Stop solution into each well and mix thoroughly. The color changes into yellow immediately. |
| 14. | Read the O.D. absorbance at 450 nm in a microplate reader immediately after adding the stop solution. |
When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.
| Sample Type | Protocol |
| Serum | If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Plasma | Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit. |
| Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid | Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid. |
| Cell culture supernatant | Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately. |
| Cell lysates | Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Tissue homogenates | The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C. |
| Tissue lysates | Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Breast Milk | Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles. |
