Description
Human Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHLH) ELISA Kit
The Human Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein (PTHrP) ELISA Kit is specifically designed for the accurate measurement of PTHrP levels in human biological samples such as serum, plasma, and cell culture supernatants. This kit offers high sensitivity and specificity, guaranteeing precise and consistent results, which are crucial for a variety of research purposes.PTHrP is a key regulatory protein that plays a vital role in bone development, calcium homeostasis, and cancer progression. Its dysregulation has been linked to skeletal diseases, hypercalcemia, and various malignancies, making it an important biomarker for understanding these conditions and potentially developing targeted therapies.
With its advanced technology and user-friendly protocols, the Human PTHrP ELISA Kit is a valuable tool for researchers studying bone metabolism, cancer biology, and endocrine disorders. It provides a reliable platform for accurate quantification of PTHrP levels, aiding in the discovery of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
| Product Name: | Human Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHLH) ELISA Kit |
| SKU: | HUEB0867 |
| Size: | 96T |
| Target: | Human Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHLH) |
| Synonyms: | Parathyroid hormone-like protein, PLP, PTH-rP, PTHRP |
| Assay Type: | Competitive |
| Detection Method: | ELISA |
| Reactivity: | Human |
| Detection Range: | 15.6-1000pg/mL |
| Sensitivity: | 4.9 pg/mL |
| Intra CV: | 4.3% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Inter CV: | 6.9% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Linearity: |
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| Recovery: |
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| Function: | Osteostatin is a potent inhibitor of osteoclastic bone resorption. |
| Uniprot: | P12272 |
| Sample Type: | Serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids |
| Specificity: | Natural and recombinant human Parathyroid hormone-related protein |
| Sub Unit: | PTHrP interacts with PTH1R (via N-terminal extracellular domain). |
| Research Area: | Cancer |
| Subcellular Location: | Cytoplasm Nucleus Secreted |
| Storage: | Please see kit components below for exact storage details |
| Note: | For research use only |
| UniProt Protein Function: | PTHR: This is a receptor for parathyroid hormone and for parathyroid hormone-related peptide. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase and also a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Defects in PTH1R are the cause of Jansen metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (JMC). JMC is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a short-limbed dwarfism associated with hypercalcemia and normal or low serum concentrations of the two parathyroid hormones. Defects in PTH1R are the cause of chondrodysplasia Blomstrand type (BOCD). BOCD is a severe skeletal dysplasia. Defects in PTH1R may be a cause of enchondromatosis multiple (ENCHOM). Enchondromas are common benign cartilage tumors of bone. They can occur as solitary lesions or as multiple lesions in enchondromatosis (Ollier and Maffucci diseases). Clinical problems caused by enchondromas include skeletal deformity and the potential for malignant change to osteosarcoma. Defects in PTH1R are the cause of Eiken skeletal dysplasia (EISD); also known as bone modeling defect of hands and feet. It is a rare familial autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia. It is characterized by multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, with extremely retarded ossification, principally of the epiphyses, pelvis, hands and feet, as well as by abnormal modeling of the bones in hands and feet, abnormal persistence of cartilage in the pelvis and mild growth retardation. Defects in PTH1R are a cause of primary failure of tooth eruption (PFE). PFE is a rare condition that has high penetrance and variable expressivity and in which tooth retention occurs without evidence of any obvious mechanical interference. Instead, malfunction of the eruptive mechanism itself appears to cause nonankylosed permanent teeth to fail to erupt, although the eruption pathway has been cleared by bone resorption. Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. |
| UniProt Protein Details: | Protein type:GPCR, family 2; Membrane protein, multi-pass; Membrane protein, integral; Receptor, GPCR Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 3p22-p21.1 Cellular Component: basolateral plasma membrane; integral to plasma membrane; brush border membrane; apical plasma membrane; cytoplasm; plasma membrane; nucleus; receptor complex Molecular Function:protein binding; protein self-association; peptide hormone binding; parathyroid hormone receptor activity Biological Process: cell maturation; G-protein signaling, adenylate cyclase activating pathway; bone mineralization; osteoblast development; G-protein signaling, coupled to cAMP nucleotide second messenger; G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; G-protein signaling, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger; negative regulation of cell proliferation; elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; positive regulation of cell proliferation; chondrocyte differentiation; G-protein signaling, coupled to IP3 second messenger (phospholipase C activating); skeletal development; bone resorption; aging Disease: Eiken Syndrome; Chondrodysplasia, Blomstrand Type; Failure Of Tooth Eruption, Primary; Metaphyseal Chondrodysplasia, Jansen Type |
| NCBI Summary: | The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the G-protein coupled receptor family 2. This protein is a receptor for parathyroid hormone (PTH) and for parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH). The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase and also a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Defects in this receptor are known to be the cause of Jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (JMC), chondrodysplasia Blomstrand type (BOCD), as well as enchodromatosis. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010] |
| UniProt Code: | Q03431 |
| NCBI GenInfo Identifier: | 417555 |
| NCBI Gene ID: | 5745 |
| NCBI Accession: | Q03431.1 |
| UniProt Secondary Accession: | Q03431,Q2M1U3, |
| UniProt Related Accession: | Q03431 |
| Molecular Weight: | 66,361 Da |
| NCBI Full Name: | Parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor |
| NCBI Synonym Full Names: | parathyroid hormone 1 receptor |
| NCBI Official Symbol: | PTH1R |
| NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: | PFE; PTHR; PTHR1 |
| NCBI Protein Information: | parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor; PTH1 receptor; PTH/PTHr receptor; PTH/PTHrP type I receptor; parathyroid hormone receptor 1; seven transmembrane helix receptor; parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related protein receptor |
| UniProt Protein Name: | Parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor |
| UniProt Synonym Protein Names: | PTH/PTHrP type I receptor; PTH/PTHr receptor; Parathyroid hormone 1 receptor; PTH1 receptor |
| Protein Family: | Parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor |
| UniProt Gene Name: | PTH1R |
| UniProt Entry Name: | PTH1R_HUMAN |
| Component | Quantity (96 Assays) | Storage |
| ELISA Microplate (Dismountable) | 8×12 strips | -20°C |
| Lyophilized Standard | 2 | -20°C |
| Sample Diluent | 20ml | -20°C |
| Assay Diluent A | 10mL | -20°C |
| Assay Diluent B | 10mL | -20°C |
| Detection Reagent A | 120µL | -20°C |
| Detection Reagent B | 120µL | -20°C |
| Wash Buffer | 30mL | 4°C |
| Substrate | 10mL | 4°C |
| Stop Solution | 10mL | 4°C |
| Plate Sealer | 5 | - |
Other materials and equipment required:
- Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
- Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
- Incubator
- Deionized or distilled water
- Absorbent paper
- Buffer resevoir
*Note: The below protocol is a sample protocol. Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.
Allow all reagents to reach room temperature (Please do not dissolve the reagents at 37°C directly). All the reagents should be mixed thoroughly by gently swirling before pipetting. Avoid foaming. Keep appropriate numbers of strips for 1 experiment and remove extra strips from microtiter plate. Removed strips should be resealed and stored at -20°C until the kits expiry date. Prepare all reagents, working standards and samples as directed in the previous sections. Please predict the concentration before assaying. If values for these are not within the range of the standard curve, users must determine the optimal sample dilutions for their experiments. We recommend running all samples in duplicate.
| Step | |
| 1. | Add Sample: Add 100µL of Standard, Blank, or Sample per well. The blank well is added with Sample diluent. Solutions are added to the bottom of micro ELISA plate well, avoid inside wall touching and foaming as possible. Mix it gently. Cover the plate with sealer we provided. Incubate for 120 minutes at 37°C. |
| 2. | Remove the liquid from each well, don't wash. Add 100µL of Detection Reagent A working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing. Incubate for 1 hour at 37°C. Note: if Detection Reagent A appears cloudy warm to room temperature until solution is uniform. |
| 3. | Aspirate each well and wash, repeating the process three times. Wash by filling each well with Wash Buffer (approximately 400µL) (a squirt bottle, multi-channel pipette,manifold dispenser or automated washer are needed). Complete removal of liquid at each step is essential. After the last wash, completely remove remaining Wash Buffer by aspirating or decanting. Invert the plate and pat it against thick clean absorbent paper. |
| 4. | Add 100µL of Detection Reagent B working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Incubate for 60 minutes at 37°C. |
| 5. | Repeat the wash process for five times as conducted in step 3. |
| 6. | Add 90µL of Substrate Solution to each well. Cover with a new Plate sealer and incubate for 10-20 minutes at 37°C. Protect the plate from light. The reaction time can be shortened or extended according to the actual color change, but this should not exceed more than 30 minutes. When apparent gradient appears in standard wells, user should terminatethe reaction. |
| 7. | Add 50µL of Stop Solution to each well. If color change does not appear uniform, gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing. |
| 8. | Determine the optical density (OD value) of each well at once, using a micro-plate reader set to 450 nm. User should open the micro-plate reader in advance, preheat the instrument, and set the testing parameters. |
| 9. | After experiment, store all reagents according to the specified storage temperature respectively until their expiry. |
When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.
| Sample Type | Protocol |
| Serum | If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Plasma | Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit. |
| Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid | Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid. |
| Cell culture supernatant | Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately. |
| Cell lysates | Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Tissue homogenates | The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C. |
| Tissue lysates | Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Breast Milk | Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles. |
