BTLA
BTLA (B and T lymphocyte associated, also known as CD272 or BTLA1) is an inhibitory receptor on lymphocytes that negatively regulates antigen receptor signalling. It is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and relays signals that suppress the immune response. Browse Assay Genie's current range of BTLA research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
BTLA is an inhibitory receptor expressed on lymphocytes. It negatively regulates antigen receptor signalling through the protein tyrosine phosphatases PTPN6 (SHP-1) and PTPN11 (SHP-2). In this way it acts as a brake on lymphocyte activation, and the encoded protein relays inhibitory signals that suppress the immune response.
BTLA may interact with TNFRSF14 either in cis, on the same cell, or in trans, on other cells, and the outcome differs between the two. In cis, the interaction appears to play an immune regulatory role by inhibiting trans interactions in naive T cells, helping to maintain a resting state. In trans, interactions can predominate during the adaptive immune response and provide survival signals to effector T cells. This dual behaviour makes BTLA a useful subject for studies of T cell tolerance and activation.
The BTLA gene encodes a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. The protein contains a single immunoglobulin (Ig) domain and is localised to the cell membrane. Alternative splicing of the gene results in multiple transcript variants. HGNC classes BTLA with the CD molecules and with immunoglobulin-like domain-containing proteins, and it is also designated CD272. Polymorphisms in the BTLA gene have been associated with an increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis. Mouse and rat orthologs, both named Btla, allow the receptor to be studied in rodent models.
BTLA is an inhibitory receptor that suppresses immune responses, so it is studied alongside other checkpoint molecules that restrain lymphocyte activation.
BTLA negatively regulates antigen receptor signalling via SHP-1 and SHP-2, making it a model for inhibitory receptor signal transduction.
Cis and trans interactions with TNFRSF14 produce different outcomes in naive and effector T cells, a focus for mechanistic work on immune regulation.
Polymorphisms in the BTLA gene have been associated with increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis, linking the receptor to autoimmune disease research.
BTLA is an inhibitory receptor on lymphocytes that negatively regulates antigen receptor signalling via the phosphatases PTPN6/SHP-1 and PTPN11/SHP-2. Through interactions with TNFRSF14 it can keep naive T cells in a resting state or, in trans, provide survival signals to effector T cells.
BTLA stands for B and T lymphocyte associated, and UniProt names the protein B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator. It is also known as CD272 and BTLA1. Alternative splicing of the gene produces multiple transcript variants, so researchers should consider which form they are studying.
Mouse and rat both have a Btla ortholog, so the receptor can be studied in rodent models. In humans, polymorphisms in the BTLA gene have been associated with an increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Binding partners, signalling phosphatases and other inhibitory immune checkpoint targets with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q7Z6A9; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.