GGT
GGT (gamma-glutamyltransferase 1, also known as CD224) is a type I gamma-glutamyltransferase that catalyses the transfer of the glutamyl moiety of glutathione to amino acid and dipeptide acceptors. UniProt lists the precursor as glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme. Browse Assay Genie's current range of GGT research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
GGT is a type I gamma-glutamyltransferase. According to the NCBI Gene summary, the enzyme catalyses the transfer of the glutamyl moiety of glutathione to a variety of amino acids and dipeptide acceptors. It belongs to the gamma-glutamyltransferase family, and its EC number, 3.4.19.13, reflects the hydrolysis of glutathione. The mature enzyme sits at the cell membrane, where it acts on glutathione and related substrates.
The enzyme is composed of a heavy chain and a light chain, both derived from a single precursor, which is why UniProt names the translated product glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme. Expression is reported in tissues involved in absorption and secretion. HGNC places the GGT1 gene in the groups CD molecules, gamma-glutamyltransferases and acyltransferases, and the CD designation CD224 is one of its recorded aliases, alongside D22S672 and D22S732. The human GGT gene lies at 22q11.23, and mouse and rat each carry an ortholog named Ggt1.
NCBI Gene notes that GGT may contribute to the aetiology of diabetes and other metabolic disorders, which makes it a point of interest in metabolic research. Multiple alternatively spliced variants have been identified. The genomic picture is complex: a number of related genes are present on chromosomes 20 and 22, and putative pseudogenes for this gene are found on chromosomes 2, 13 and 22, so gene-level work needs to account for these relatives. The UniProt function annotation for this entry also states that it seems to be catalytically inactive, a point worth bearing in mind when interpreting activity-based studies.
GGT transfers the glutamyl moiety of glutathione to amino acid and dipeptide acceptors, making it a central enzyme for studying glutathione handling.
NCBI Gene reports that GGT may contribute to the aetiology of diabetes and other metabolic disorders, supporting its use in metabolic studies.
GGT is expressed in tissues involved in absorption and secretion, so it is relevant to work on how these tissues process glutathione.
Alternative splicing, related genes on chromosomes 20 and 22, and pseudogenes make GGT a useful subject for gamma-glutamyltransferase family analysis.
GGT is a type I gamma-glutamyltransferase. It catalyses the transfer of the glutamyl moiety of glutathione to a variety of amino acids and dipeptide acceptors. It is expressed in tissues involved in absorption and secretion and is found at the cell membrane.
GGT1 is the HGNC symbol for gamma-glutamyltransferase 1, with aliases D22S672, D22S732, CD224 and GGT. UniProt calls the precursor glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme. The mature enzyme has a heavy chain and a light chain, and multiple alternatively spliced variants have been identified.
Mouse and rat both have an ortholog called Ggt1. NCBI Gene reports that GGT may contribute to the aetiology of diabetes and other metabolic disorders. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity before choosing a species.
Other gamma-glutamyltransferase family members and glutathione-pathway enzymes with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P19440; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.