HMGB1
HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1, also known as HMG1, HMG3 and SBP-1) is a non-histone, nuclear DNA-binding protein of the HMGB family. It regulates transcription, helps organise DNA and is linked to inflammation, cell differentiation and tumour cell migration. Browse Assay Genie's current range of HMGB1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
HMGB1 is a non-histone, nuclear DNA-binding protein that belongs to the High Mobility Group-box superfamily and, more specifically, to the HMGB family. According to the NCBI Gene summary, it regulates transcription and is involved in the organisation of DNA. The protein also takes part in several cellular processes, including inflammation, cell differentiation and tumour cell migration, which is why the HMGB1 protein is studied in many areas of cell biology.
UniProt records a broad subcellular distribution for HMGB1. It is found in the nucleus and on chromosomes, and also in the cytoplasm, the endoplasmic reticulum, the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment and endosomes. It is also reported at the cell membrane and as a secreted protein. In the context of microbial infection, HMGB1 facilitates dengue virus propagation. It interacts with the untranslated regions of the viral genome, and this interaction may regulate the secondary structure of dengue RNA, helping the replication complex to recognise it.
The HMGB1 gene is in the HGNC canonical high mobility group. Its approved name is high mobility group box 1, and earlier names include high-mobility group (nonhistone chromosomal) protein 1. Other aliases are HMG1, HMG3, SBP-1 and DKFZp686A04236. RefSeq notes that alternative splicing gives multiple transcript variants that all encode the same protein, and that multiple pseudogenes of the gene have been identified. Mouse and rat both have an orthologous Hmgb1 gene, so the protein can be studied in common rodent models.
HMGB1 is implicated in inflammation, and its presence outside the nucleus as a secreted protein makes it a frequent subject in inflammatory signalling studies.
As a nuclear DNA-binding protein that regulates transcription and helps organise DNA, HMGB1 is relevant to studies of gene regulation and chromatin.
HMGB1 plays a role in tumour cell migration, so it is examined in work on how cancer cells move and behave.
HMGB1 facilitates dengue virus propagation by binding the untranslated regions of the viral genome, making it a host factor of interest in RNA virus research.
HMGB1 is a non-histone nuclear protein that binds DNA, regulates transcription and is involved in DNA organisation. It also contributes to inflammation, cell differentiation and tumour cell migration. During dengue infection it interacts with the viral genome's untranslated regions and facilitates virus propagation.
HMGB1 is also called HMG1, HMG3, SBP-1 and DKFZp686A04236. Earlier names include high-mobility group (nonhistone chromosomal) protein 1. UniProt lists the protein as high mobility group protein B1. RefSeq reports that alternative splicing yields several transcript variants encoding the same protein.
Mouse and rat each have an orthologous Hmgb1 gene. Within humans, HMGB1 belongs to the HMGB family, alongside related genes such as HMGB2, HMGB3 and HMGB4. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other members of the HMGB family of high mobility group proteins with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P09429; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.