MCP-1
MCP-1 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, encoded by CCL2) is a secreted CC chemokine that signals through the receptor CCR2 to attract monocytes and basophils. It is also known as MCP1, MCAF, SMC-CF and GDCF-2. Browse Assay Genie's current range of MCP-1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
MCP-1 acts as a ligand for the C-C chemokine receptor CCR2. Binding and activation of CCR2 induces a strong chemotactic response and mobilisation of intracellular calcium ions. The chemokine shows chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils, but not for neutrophils or eosinophils. The NCBI Gene summary also records binding to CCR4.
The CCL2 gene is one of several cytokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Chemokines form a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The superfamily is divided into four subfamilies according to the arrangement of N-terminal cysteine residues in the mature peptide. MCP-1 belongs to the CC subfamily, which is characterised by two adjacent cysteines, and to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family. HGNC classifies it within the chemokine ligands gene group.
MCP-1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterised by monocytic infiltrates, including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. UniProt notes that it may be involved in recruiting monocytes into the arterial wall during atherosclerosis. Elevated expression of the protein is also associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Earlier names for the gene include small inducible cytokine A2 (monocyte chemotactic protein 1, homologous to mouse Sig-je) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2. Mouse and rat both carry a Ccl2 ortholog.
MCP-1 induces a strong chemotactic response through CCR2 and is selective for monocytes and basophils over neutrophils and eosinophils.
MCP-1 may contribute to monocyte recruitment into the arterial wall, making it a point of interest in atherosclerosis.
MCP-1 is implicated in diseases with monocytic infiltrates, including psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Signalling through CCR2, and binding to CCR4, links MCP-1 to calcium mobilisation and chemokine receptor biology.
MCP-1 is a secreted chemokine that binds and activates CCR2, triggering chemotaxis and mobilisation of intracellular calcium ions. It attracts monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils or eosinophils, and it may help recruit monocytes into the arterial wall in atherosclerosis.
The HGNC symbol is CCL2, and the protein is C-C motif chemokine ligand 2. Aliases include MCP1, MCAF, SMC-CF, GDCF-2, HC11, MGC9434 and SCYA2. Earlier names were small inducible cytokine A2 and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2.
MCP-1 has been implicated in psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis, and its elevated expression is associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mouse and rat each have a Ccl2 ortholog; check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other CC chemokine ligands involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P13500; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.