IL-31
IL-31 (interleukin 31) is a secreted cytokine that signals through a heterodimeric receptor of IL31RA and OSMR. It is made principally by activated Th2-type T cells and is particularly important in skin immunity. Browse Assay Genie's current range of IL-31 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
IL-31 functions as a cytokine that binds to IL31RA, the membrane-bound signal-transducing subunit of the IL-31 receptor complex, which is a heterodimer of OSMR and IL31RA. Ligand binding to IL31RA induces heterodimerisation with OSMR and activates JAK1 and JAK2, and to a lesser extent TYK2, associated with the intracellular domains of the two receptor chains.
These kinases phosphorylate tyrosine residues on IL31RA and OSMR, creating docking sites for STAT1, STAT3 and STAT5B, which are then phosphorylated and activated. The receptor complex also activates the MAPK pathway (ERK1 and ERK2, encoded by MAPK3 and MAPK1) through recruitment of the adapter protein SHC1. In vitro, IL-31 enhances myeloid progenitor cell survival and induces RETNLA and serum amyloid A expression in macrophages.
The IL31 gene encodes a secreted protein and belongs to the HGNC interleukins gene group; a mouse ortholog, Il31, is recognised. IL-31 is made principally by activated Th2-type T cells, while its receptor is constitutively expressed on epithelial cells and keratinocytes. This pairing underlies the proposal that IL-31 may promote allergic skin disorders and help regulate other allergic diseases, such as asthma.
IL-31 signalling through OSMR and IL31RA is particularly important in skin immunity, and its receptor is expressed on keratinocytes.
IL-31 may promote allergic skin disorders and help regulate other allergic diseases such as asthma.
Receptor engagement activates JAK1, JAK2 and STAT1, STAT3 and STAT5B, making IL-31 a model for cytokine signal transduction.
IL-31 enhances myeloid progenitor survival in vitro and induces RETNLA and serum amyloid A expression in macrophages.
IL-31 is a secreted cytokine that binds IL31RA, inducing heterodimerisation with OSMR and activating JAK1, JAK2, STAT proteins and the MAPK pathway. It is particularly important in skin immunity and may contribute to allergic skin disorders and asthma.
IL31 is the gene symbol for interleukin 31, written IL-31 for the protein. Its receptor is a heterodimer of IL31RA, which binds the ligand, and OSMR. Both receptor chains are constitutively expressed on epithelial cells and keratinocytes.
IL-31 is made principally by activated Th2-type T cells. The mouse has an ortholog, Il31, so rodent models can be used to study it; check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other interleukins, including cytokines linked to type 2 immunity and epithelial signalling, with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q6EBC2; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.