IL-33
IL-33 (interleukin-33, also known as NF-HEV, IL1F11, DVS27 and C9orf26) is a member of the IL-1 family of cytokines. It binds the IL1RL1/ST2 receptor and also acts as a chromatin-associated nuclear factor in quiescent endothelia. Browse Assay Genie's current range of IL-33 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
IL-33 is a cytokine with two recognised modes of action. As a secreted factor, it binds the IL1RL1/ST2 receptor and is involved in the maturation of Th2 cells and the activation of mast cells, basophils, eosinophils and natural killer cells. This places IL-33 among the cytokines that shape type 2 immune responses and innate effector cell activity.
Inside the cell, the picture is different. In quiescent endothelia the uncleaved form of IL-33 is constitutively and abundantly expressed and acts as a chromatin-associated nuclear factor with transcriptional repressor properties. It may sequester nuclear NF-kappaB/RELA, lowering expression of NF-kappaB targets. This nuclear form is rapidly lost upon angiogenic or pro-inflammatory activation of the endothelium. Consistent with this dual role, UniProt records the protein in the nucleus, on chromosomes, in the cytoplasm and in secretory vesicles, as well as in the secreted fraction.
The human IL33 gene encodes the protein under UniProt entry O95760, and several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been reported. HGNC classifies it within the interleukins and the interleukin 1 family, and UniProt describes it as a highly divergent member of the IL-1 family. The gene was previously designated chromosome 9 open reading frame 26 (C9orf26) and the protein was named NF-HEV, and the symbol IL1F11 reflects its later assignment to the IL-1 family. Mouse and rat both carry an Il33 ortholog, so the IL-33 protein can be studied in common rodent models.
IL-33 is involved in the maturation of Th2 cells, making it a key cytokine for studying type 2 immune responses.
IL-33 activates mast cells, basophils, eosinophils and natural killer cells, supporting work on innate immune cell regulation.
IL-33 binds the IL1RL1/ST2 receptor, so it is a central ligand for investigating signalling through this receptor.
Nuclear IL-33 in quiescent endothelia may sequester NF-kappaB/RELA and is lost on activation, relevant to endothelial transcription studies.
IL-33 is a cytokine that binds the IL1RL1/ST2 receptor and is involved in the maturation of Th2 cells and the activation of mast cells, basophils, eosinophils and natural killer cells. In quiescent endothelia, its nuclear form acts as a chromatin-associated transcriptional repressor.
IL-33 is also known as NF-HEV, IL1F11, DVS27, DKFZp586H0523 and C9orf26. The gene was previously named chromosome 9 open reading frame 26. HGNC lists the approved symbol as IL33 and the full name as interleukin 33. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms exist.
Yes. Both mouse and rat have an Il33 ortholog, which allows IL-33 biology to be investigated in rodent systems. IL-33 belongs to the IL-1 family, although UniProt notes it is highly divergent. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other IL-1 family cytokines, type 2 immunity mediators and further interleukins with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt O95760; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.