EGFR
EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor, also known as ERBB1, ERRP and ERBB) is a transmembrane glycoprotein and receptor tyrosine kinase of the EGF receptor subfamily. It binds members of the epidermal growth factor family and signals through receptor dimerisation and tyrosine autophosphorylation. Browse Assay Genie's current range of EGFR research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
EGFR is a cell surface receptor for members of the epidermal growth factor family. When it binds epidermal growth factor, the receptor dimerises and undergoes tyrosine autophosphorylation, which leads to cell proliferation. The protein is a transmembrane glycoprotein and belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, the Tyr protein kinase family and the EGF receptor subfamily. Its enzymatic activity is classified as EC 2.7.10.1, a receptor protein-tyrosine kinase.
UniProt records EGFR in several compartments: the cell membrane, endoplasmic reticulum membrane, Golgi apparatus membrane, nuclear membrane, endosomes, the nucleus, and in a secreted form. This spread reflects the range of locations in which the receptor is found, beyond the plasma membrane where ligand binding takes place. The mouse ortholog is Egfr. Researchers studying the EGFR gene or the EGFR protein often examine receptor activation, trafficking and phosphorylation state.
HGNC places the gene in the Erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinases group, and its symbol ERBB1 reflects the earlier name, epidermal growth factor receptor (avian erythroblastic leukaemia viral (v-erb-b) oncogene homolog). Mutations in the gene are associated with lung cancer. EGFR also acts as a receptor for hepatitis C virus in hepatocytes, where it facilitates cell entry by promoting formation of CD81-CLDN1 receptor complexes and enhancing membrane fusion of cells expressing HCV envelope glycoproteins. In addition, EGFR is a component of the cytokine storm that contributes to severe COVID-19 following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Mutations in the EGFR gene are associated with lung cancer, making the receptor a central subject in studies of tumour signalling.
Ligand-induced dimerisation and tyrosine autophosphorylation of EGFR leads to cell proliferation, a model for receptor kinase activation.
EGFR acts as a receptor for hepatitis C virus in hepatocytes, promoting CD81-CLDN1 complex formation and membrane fusion.
EGFR is a component of the cytokine storm that contributes to severe COVID-19 after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
EGFR is a transmembrane receptor for epidermal growth factor family members. Ligand binding induces receptor dimerisation and tyrosine autophosphorylation, leading to cell proliferation. It is a member of the protein kinase superfamily and the EGF receptor subfamily of tyrosine kinases.
EGFR is also known as ERBB1, ERRP and ERBB. HGNC lists the full name as epidermal growth factor receptor and records an earlier name referring to the avian erythroblastic leukaemia viral (v-erb-b) oncogene homolog. It sits in the Erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinases gene group.
Mutations in the EGFR gene are associated with lung cancer. The receptor also facilitates hepatitis C virus entry into hepatocytes and is a component of the cytokine storm in severe COVID-19. A mouse ortholog, Egfr, exists; check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other ERBB family receptors, EGF family ligands and HCV entry factors that relate to EGFR biology.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P00533; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.